Неустойчивость Кельвина-Гельмгольца и магнитногидродинамични моды на границе геомагнитного хвоста
Рубрика:
| Черемных, ОК, Черемных, СО, Козак, ЛВ, Кронберг, ЕА |
| Косм. наука технол. 2019, 25 ;(2):43-59 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2019.02.043 |
| Язык публикации: Русский |
Аннотация: Описаны математические и теоретические методы исследования продольных и косых МГД-мод, генерируемых солнечным ветром и локализованных вблизи границы геомагнитного хвоста. Указанные моды, в отличие от МГД-мод, распространяющихся внутри замкнутой части магнитного поля Земли, практически не исследовались ни теоретически, ни экспериментально. Показано, что задача об МГД-колебаниях на границе раздела двух движущихся одна относительно другой плазменных сред сводится к нахождению и исследованию уравнения малых колебаний, а также нахождения для него граничных условий. Приведена процедура получения дисперсионного уравнения для МГД-мод, локализованных на границе раздела движущейся и покоящейся плазменных сред. Аналитически установлено, что одна из восьми возможных МГД-мод может быть неустойчивой из-за развития неустойчивости Кельвина — Гельмгольца как при слабом, так и при сильном магнитном полях. Продемонстрировано, что косые возмущения, распространяющиеся под углом к вектору скорости среды, играют доминирующую роль при развитии этой неустойчивости. Отмечено, что генерация большого количества устойчивых МГД-мод на границе раздела плазм может привести к реализации турбулентного состояния плазмы. Результаты работы могут быть использованы для описания волновых процессов на границе геомагнитного хвоста и для объяснения генерации УНЧ-возмущений на ночной стороне магнитосферы Земли.
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| Ключевые слова: волны, неустойчивость Кельвина — Гельмгольца, продольные и косые МГД-моды, сжимаемая замагниченная среда, хвост магнитосферы Земли |
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