Impact of Didactic Satellite in Space Maturity Improvement: A Review Paper
Рубрика:
| 1Ben Bahri, O 1Department of Science and Technology, College of Ranyah, Taif University, Saudi Arabia |
| Space Sci. & Technol. 2022, 28 ;(2):39-47 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2022.02.039 |
| Язык публикации: English |
Аннотация: Space technology is becoming increasingly important in modern society. It participates in the construction of the future and the welfare of humanity through many applications in daily life. These factors lead to the need for training, research, and development in this area of space exploration. This paper reviews the use of small satellites to acquire basic knowledge of the space sector. Further development of this knowledge leads to the creation of space missions, which, in turn, ensure the progress of the space technology readiness level (TRL), defined by the international measurement scale. It is able to estimate technological maturity. The review concludes that the use of low-cost or didactic satellites could contribute to space mission development and demonstration. We reckon that embedded components with functions similar to smartphones can be used to achieve this goal. Two types of embedded components are discussed to demonstrate their efficacity in space engineering.
|
| Ключевые слова: CubeSat, data analysis, didactic, satellite, space engineering, technology readiness level |
References:
1. Bouwmeester J., Guo J. Survey of worldwide pico-and nanosatellite missions, distributions and subsystem technology. Acta Astronautica. 67, 854-862 (2010).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.06.004
2. Batista C. L. G., et al. Towards increasing nanosatellite subsystem robustness. Acta Astronautica. 156, 187-196 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.11.011
3. Denby B., Lucia B. Orbital edge computing: Nanosatellite constellations as a new class of computer system. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, p. 939-954 (March 2020).
https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378473
4. Shakhmatov E., et al. SSAU project of the nanosatellite SamSat-QB50 for monitoring the Earth's thermosphere parameters. Procedia Engineering. 104, 139-146 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.04.105
5. Camps A. Nanosatellites and applications to commercial and scientific missions. Satell. Mission. Technol. Geosci. p. 145-169 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90039
6. TEC-SHS E. S. A. Technology Readiness Levels Handbook for Space Applications. p. 1-66 (2008). Mode of access: https://artes.esa.int/sites/default/files/TRL_Handbook.pdf.
7. Straub J. In search of technology readiness level (TRL) 10. Aerospace Science and Technology. 46, 312-320 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2015.07.007
8. Shishko R., Aster R. NASA systems engineering handbook. NASA Special Publication. 6105, p. 1-155 (1995).
9. Héder M. From NASA to EU: the evolution of the TRL scale in Public Sector Innovation. The Innovation Journal. 22, 1-23 (2017).
10. Shuman T., et al. Development of a TRL-5 conductively-cooled 2-micron laser transmitter for coherent doppler wind lidar system. Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XIV. International Society for Optics and Photonics. 8872 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024358
11. West J., et al. Bringing an effective solar sail design toward TRL 6. 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Huntsville, AL. p. 1-8 (2003).
12. Young R., et al. TRL assessment of solar sail technology development following the 20-meter system ground demonstrator hardware testing. In 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, p. 2248 (2007).
https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-2248
13. Sanders S. Satellite Servicing Capabilities Office Testing. NASA USRP –Internship Final Report. p. 1-7 (2015).
14. Pierce R., et al. Stabilized lasers for space applications: a high TRL optical cavity reference system. In Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference pp. JW3C-3, Optical Society of America, San Jose, California United States. (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_AT.2012.JW3C.3
15. Burton R., et al. State of the art in guidance navigation and control: A survey of small satellite GNC components. Proc. Adv. Astron. Sci. p. 157 (2016).
16. Kandala A., et al. Development of a Power-Efficient, Low Cost, and Flash FPGA Based On-Board Computer for Small-Satellites. 35th Annual Small Satellite Conference, Utah State University, Logan, UT. p. 1-5 (2021).
17. Kobald M., et al. Hybrid Sounding Rocket HEROS: TRL 9. In Proceedings of the 7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Aerospace Sciences (EUCASS), Milano, Italy. p. 3-7 (2017).
18. Olechowski A., et al. Technology readiness levels at 40: A study of state-of-the-art use, challenges, and opportunities. Portland international conference on management of engineering and technology (PICMET). IEEE. p. 2084-2094 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2015.7273196
19. Nugent R., et al. The CubeSat: The Picosatellite Standard for Research and Education. AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition9 - 11 September 2008, San Diego, California. p. 1-11 (2008).
20. Berk J., et al. The open prototype for educational NanoSats: Fixing the other side of the small satellite cost equation. IEEE Aerospace Conference. p. 1-16 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2013.6497393
21. Villela T., et al. Towards the thousandth CubeSat: A statistical overview. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering. 2019, p. 1-13 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5063145
22. Vicente V. E., et al. Successful Development of a Portable Didactic Satellite for Training and Research in Satellite Technology. CORE-2009, 10th Computing Congress, CIC-IPN, México City. p. 1-8 (2009).
23. Vicente-Vivas V. E., et al. SATEDU the didactic satellite, from on-the job classroom training to space experimentation. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), IEEE. p. 247-249 (2009).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEED.2009.5490573
24. Reyneri L., et al. PicPot: a small satellite with educational goals. Proc. 18th EAEEIE Conf. Innov. Edu. Elect. Inf. Eng. p. 1-4 (2007).
25. Ben Bahri O., et al. Smartphone didactic platform for satellite attitude determination demonstration and development. International Conference on Engineering & MIS (ICEMIS), IEEE. p. 1-4 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIS.2017.8273085
26. Mendoza B., et al. Embedded attitude control system for the educative satellite SATEDU. CONIELECOMP, 22nd International Conference on Electrical Communications and Computers, IEEE. p. 118-123 (2012).
27. Ben Bahri O., Besbes K. Didactic satellite based on Android platform for space operation demonstration and development. Advances in Space Research. 61, 1501-1511 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2017.12.040
28. Pető M. CanSat, Arduino—Physics at Székely Mikó Science Club. Proc. of the Int. Conf. Teaching Physics Innovatively. Publisher: Graduate School for Physics, Faculty of Science, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary. p. 169-174 (2016).
29. Kawashima R. CanSat leader training program: past, present and future. Ciencia UANL. 19, 76-82 (2016).
30. Ramadhan R., et al. Prototype of CanSat with Auto-gyro Payload for Small Satellite Education. 13th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA). IEEE. p. 243-248 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1109/TSSA48701.2019.8985514
31. Aly H., et al. Project-based space engineering education: Application to autonomous rover-back CanSat. 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 1087-1092 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2013.6581164
32. Miyazaki Y., Yamazaki M. A practical education of space engineering by using CanSat and pico-satellite-Fruitful collaboration with UNISEC for success of student satellite program. 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 1081-1086 (2013).
33. Paudel S., et al. Development of CanSat Ground-Station using LabVIEW. Proceeding of MARS Summit, India. p. 1-4 (2017).
34. Pető M. Experiments with Cansat. ICPE-EPEC. p. 1-9 (2013).
35. Colin A. A pico-satellite assembled and tested during the 6th CanSat Leader Training Program. Journal of applied research and technology. 15, 83-91 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jart.2016.10.003
36. Kizilkaya M., et al. CanSat descent control system design and implementation. 8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 241-245 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2017.8002947
37. Ay S., et al. Design and navigation control of an advanced level CANSAT. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies-RAST, IEEE. p. 752-757 (2011).
38. Çabuloğlu C., et al. Mission Analysis and Planning of a CANSAT. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies-RAST, IEEE. p. 794-799 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2011.5966951
39. Ostaszewski M., et al. Analysis of data collected while CanSat mission. 19th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). IEEE. p. 1-4 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1109/CarpathianCC.2018.8399591
40. Colin A., Manuel J. L. The CanSat technology for climate Monitoring in small regions at altitudes below 1 km. IAA Climate Change & Disaster Management Conference. p. 1-9 (2015).
41. Islam T., et al. Design and Development of a Weather Monitoring Satellite, CanSat. 15th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET). IEEE. p. 1-6 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET48972.2019.8994718
42. Sako N., et al. Cansat suborbital launch experiment-university educational space program using can sized pico-satellite. Acta Astronautica. 48, 767–776 (2001).
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-5765(01)00039-X
43. Gozalvez J. Smartphones Sent into Space [Mobile Radio]. Vehicular technology magazine, IEEE. p.13–18 (Sept 2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/MVT.2013.2270897
44. Bridges C., et al. STRaND-1: The world's first smartphone nanosatellite. Space Technology (ICST), 2nd International Conference, IEEE. p. 1-3 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSpT.2011.6064651
45. Yamaura S., et al. Report of CanSat Leader Training Program. In Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), 5th International Conference, IEEE. p. 856-860 (June 2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2011.5966964
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.06.004
2. Batista C. L. G., et al. Towards increasing nanosatellite subsystem robustness. Acta Astronautica. 156, 187-196 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.11.011
3. Denby B., Lucia B. Orbital edge computing: Nanosatellite constellations as a new class of computer system. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, p. 939-954 (March 2020).
https://doi.org/10.1145/3373376.3378473
4. Shakhmatov E., et al. SSAU project of the nanosatellite SamSat-QB50 for monitoring the Earth's thermosphere parameters. Procedia Engineering. 104, 139-146 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.04.105
5. Camps A. Nanosatellites and applications to commercial and scientific missions. Satell. Mission. Technol. Geosci. p. 145-169 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90039
6. TEC-SHS E. S. A. Technology Readiness Levels Handbook for Space Applications. p. 1-66 (2008). Mode of access: https://artes.esa.int/sites/default/files/TRL_Handbook.pdf.
7. Straub J. In search of technology readiness level (TRL) 10. Aerospace Science and Technology. 46, 312-320 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2015.07.007
8. Shishko R., Aster R. NASA systems engineering handbook. NASA Special Publication. 6105, p. 1-155 (1995).
9. Héder M. From NASA to EU: the evolution of the TRL scale in Public Sector Innovation. The Innovation Journal. 22, 1-23 (2017).
10. Shuman T., et al. Development of a TRL-5 conductively-cooled 2-micron laser transmitter for coherent doppler wind lidar system. Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XIV. International Society for Optics and Photonics. 8872 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024358
11. West J., et al. Bringing an effective solar sail design toward TRL 6. 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Huntsville, AL. p. 1-8 (2003).
12. Young R., et al. TRL assessment of solar sail technology development following the 20-meter system ground demonstrator hardware testing. In 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, p. 2248 (2007).
https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-2248
13. Sanders S. Satellite Servicing Capabilities Office Testing. NASA USRP –Internship Final Report. p. 1-7 (2015).
14. Pierce R., et al. Stabilized lasers for space applications: a high TRL optical cavity reference system. In Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference pp. JW3C-3, Optical Society of America, San Jose, California United States. (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_AT.2012.JW3C.3
15. Burton R., et al. State of the art in guidance navigation and control: A survey of small satellite GNC components. Proc. Adv. Astron. Sci. p. 157 (2016).
16. Kandala A., et al. Development of a Power-Efficient, Low Cost, and Flash FPGA Based On-Board Computer for Small-Satellites. 35th Annual Small Satellite Conference, Utah State University, Logan, UT. p. 1-5 (2021).
17. Kobald M., et al. Hybrid Sounding Rocket HEROS: TRL 9. In Proceedings of the 7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Aerospace Sciences (EUCASS), Milano, Italy. p. 3-7 (2017).
18. Olechowski A., et al. Technology readiness levels at 40: A study of state-of-the-art use, challenges, and opportunities. Portland international conference on management of engineering and technology (PICMET). IEEE. p. 2084-2094 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2015.7273196
19. Nugent R., et al. The CubeSat: The Picosatellite Standard for Research and Education. AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition9 - 11 September 2008, San Diego, California. p. 1-11 (2008).
20. Berk J., et al. The open prototype for educational NanoSats: Fixing the other side of the small satellite cost equation. IEEE Aerospace Conference. p. 1-16 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2013.6497393
21. Villela T., et al. Towards the thousandth CubeSat: A statistical overview. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering. 2019, p. 1-13 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5063145
22. Vicente V. E., et al. Successful Development of a Portable Didactic Satellite for Training and Research in Satellite Technology. CORE-2009, 10th Computing Congress, CIC-IPN, México City. p. 1-8 (2009).
23. Vicente-Vivas V. E., et al. SATEDU the didactic satellite, from on-the job classroom training to space experimentation. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), IEEE. p. 247-249 (2009).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEED.2009.5490573
24. Reyneri L., et al. PicPot: a small satellite with educational goals. Proc. 18th EAEEIE Conf. Innov. Edu. Elect. Inf. Eng. p. 1-4 (2007).
25. Ben Bahri O., et al. Smartphone didactic platform for satellite attitude determination demonstration and development. International Conference on Engineering & MIS (ICEMIS), IEEE. p. 1-4 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIS.2017.8273085
26. Mendoza B., et al. Embedded attitude control system for the educative satellite SATEDU. CONIELECOMP, 22nd International Conference on Electrical Communications and Computers, IEEE. p. 118-123 (2012).
27. Ben Bahri O., Besbes K. Didactic satellite based on Android platform for space operation demonstration and development. Advances in Space Research. 61, 1501-1511 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2017.12.040
28. Pető M. CanSat, Arduino—Physics at Székely Mikó Science Club. Proc. of the Int. Conf. Teaching Physics Innovatively. Publisher: Graduate School for Physics, Faculty of Science, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary. p. 169-174 (2016).
29. Kawashima R. CanSat leader training program: past, present and future. Ciencia UANL. 19, 76-82 (2016).
30. Ramadhan R., et al. Prototype of CanSat with Auto-gyro Payload for Small Satellite Education. 13th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA). IEEE. p. 243-248 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1109/TSSA48701.2019.8985514
31. Aly H., et al. Project-based space engineering education: Application to autonomous rover-back CanSat. 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 1087-1092 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2013.6581164
32. Miyazaki Y., Yamazaki M. A practical education of space engineering by using CanSat and pico-satellite-Fruitful collaboration with UNISEC for success of student satellite program. 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 1081-1086 (2013).
33. Paudel S., et al. Development of CanSat Ground-Station using LabVIEW. Proceeding of MARS Summit, India. p. 1-4 (2017).
34. Pető M. Experiments with Cansat. ICPE-EPEC. p. 1-9 (2013).
35. Colin A. A pico-satellite assembled and tested during the 6th CanSat Leader Training Program. Journal of applied research and technology. 15, 83-91 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jart.2016.10.003
36. Kizilkaya M., et al. CanSat descent control system design and implementation. 8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE. p. 241-245 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2017.8002947
37. Ay S., et al. Design and navigation control of an advanced level CANSAT. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies-RAST, IEEE. p. 752-757 (2011).
38. Çabuloğlu C., et al. Mission Analysis and Planning of a CANSAT. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies-RAST, IEEE. p. 794-799 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2011.5966951
39. Ostaszewski M., et al. Analysis of data collected while CanSat mission. 19th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). IEEE. p. 1-4 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1109/CarpathianCC.2018.8399591
40. Colin A., Manuel J. L. The CanSat technology for climate Monitoring in small regions at altitudes below 1 km. IAA Climate Change & Disaster Management Conference. p. 1-9 (2015).
41. Islam T., et al. Design and Development of a Weather Monitoring Satellite, CanSat. 15th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET). IEEE. p. 1-6 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET48972.2019.8994718
42. Sako N., et al. Cansat suborbital launch experiment-university educational space program using can sized pico-satellite. Acta Astronautica. 48, 767–776 (2001).
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-5765(01)00039-X
43. Gozalvez J. Smartphones Sent into Space [Mobile Radio]. Vehicular technology magazine, IEEE. p.13–18 (Sept 2013).
https://doi.org/10.1109/MVT.2013.2270897
44. Bridges C., et al. STRaND-1: The world's first smartphone nanosatellite. Space Technology (ICST), 2nd International Conference, IEEE. p. 1-3 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSpT.2011.6064651
45. Yamaura S., et al. Report of CanSat Leader Training Program. In Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), 5th International Conference, IEEE. p. 856-860 (June 2011).
https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2011.5966964