Water-Bodies Extraction Using Mathematical Morphology
Рубрика:
| 1Benali, Abdelali 1Automatic Departement, University of Sciences and Technology of Oran Mohamed Boudiaf, 1505 El M'naouer Oran, Algeria |
| Space Sci. & Technol. 2024, 30 ;(4):48-57 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2024.04.048 |
| Язык публикации: English |
Аннотация: The management of water resources is vital for maintaining the world's ecosystems. Conventional methods of extracting water bodies remain very limited due to the complexity of the implementation. This leads to a reduction in the extraction precision. Our main objective is to improve the detection of water bodies. We tested the accuracy of our method on the Sentinel-2 Dataset that contains images with different complexity levels and heterogeneous structures like shadows, roads, buildings, etc.
This article presents an original method that implements the idea of separating the three-component RGB image matrices and then processing only the green matrix because it contains all water bodies with high precision. Our method is based mainly on the mathematical morphology.
Firstly, we propose a simple and fast binary algorithm to detect the maximum of water bodies existing in the images. This step was carried out using the Hit-or-Miss Transform. The second step exploits applying the Top-Hat Transform to refine the segmentation result.
By comparing our method with several currently used methods, we notice that our method improves the quality of segmentation and gives excellent results, which exceed 95% for all the metrics used to calculate the classification quality in the purview of remote sensing. The error obtained with our method remains less than 1%. We can affirm that our method is very suitable for detecting bodies of water compared to all current methods.
|
| Ключевые слова: classification, Mathematical morphology, remote sensing, RGB, Water-Bodies |
References:
1. Arash Modaresi Rad, Jason Kreitler, Mojtaba Sadegh. 2021. Augmented Normalized Difference Water Index for Improved Surface Water Monitoring. Environmental Modelling & Software. Volume 140, (105030-105076).
2. Billson, Joshua, MD Samiul Islam, Xinyao Sun, and Irene Cheng. 2023. "Water Body Extraction from Sentinel-2 Imagery with Deep Convolutional Networks and Pixelwise Category Transplantation", Remote Sensing 15, no. 5: (1253-1270).
2. Billson, Joshua, MD Samiul Islam, Xinyao Sun, and Irene Cheng. 2023. "Water Body Extraction from Sentinel-2 Imagery with Deep Convolutional Networks and Pixelwise Category Transplantation", Remote Sensing 15, no. 5: (1253-1270).
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051253.
3. Bingxin Bai, Yumin Tan, Gennadii Donchyts, Arjen Haag, Bo Xu, Ge Chen, Albrecht H. Weerts. 2023. Naive Bayes classification-based surface water gap-filling from partially contaminated optical remote sensing image. Journal of Hydrology 616, (128791-123803).
4. Duan, Yueming, Wenyi Zhang, Peng Huang, Guojin He, and Hongxiang Guo. 2021. "A New Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network for Multi-Scale Land Surface Water Extraction from GaoFen-1D Satellite Images" Remote Sensing, 13, 22, (4576-4598).
3. Bingxin Bai, Yumin Tan, Gennadii Donchyts, Arjen Haag, Bo Xu, Ge Chen, Albrecht H. Weerts. 2023. Naive Bayes classification-based surface water gap-filling from partially contaminated optical remote sensing image. Journal of Hydrology 616, (128791-123803).
4. Duan, Yueming, Wenyi Zhang, Peng Huang, Guojin He, and Hongxiang Guo. 2021. "A New Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network for Multi-Scale Land Surface Water Extraction from GaoFen-1D Satellite Images" Remote Sensing, 13, 22, (4576-4598).
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224576
5. George Bichu, Sajith Variyar V. V, Sowmya V. and Sivanpillai Ramesh. 2023. Performance Improvement of Water Body Segmentation by DeeplabV3+Using Two Dimensional Variational Mode Decomposition, 2023 10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), Noida, India, 2023, pp. 603-608,
5. George Bichu, Sajith Variyar V. V, Sowmya V. and Sivanpillai Ramesh. 2023. Performance Improvement of Water Body Segmentation by DeeplabV3+Using Two Dimensional Variational Mode Decomposition, 2023 10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), Noida, India, 2023, pp. 603-608,
doi: 10.1109/SPIN57001.2023.10116311.
6. Gujrati Ashwin, Jha Vibhuti Bhushan, Nidamanuri, Rama Rao, Singh. R. P. 2023. Satellite-based Optical Water Type Classification of Inland Waters Bodies of India, 2023 International Conference on Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS), Hyderabad, India, 2023, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/MIGARS57353.2023.10064493.
7. Guru Prasad M. Agarwal Jyoti, Christa Sharon, Aditya Pai H., Kumar M. A. and Kukreti Anand, Anurag Kukreti. 2023. An Improved Water Body Segmentation from Satellite Images using MSAA-Net, 2023 International Conference on Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS), Hyderabad, India, 2023, pp. 1-4,
6. Gujrati Ashwin, Jha Vibhuti Bhushan, Nidamanuri, Rama Rao, Singh. R. P. 2023. Satellite-based Optical Water Type Classification of Inland Waters Bodies of India, 2023 International Conference on Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS), Hyderabad, India, 2023, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/MIGARS57353.2023.10064493.
7. Guru Prasad M. Agarwal Jyoti, Christa Sharon, Aditya Pai H., Kumar M. A. and Kukreti Anand, Anurag Kukreti. 2023. An Improved Water Body Segmentation from Satellite Images using MSAA-Net, 2023 International Conference on Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS), Hyderabad, India, 2023, pp. 1-4,
doi: 10.1109/MIGARS57353.2023.10064508.
8. Hongye Cao, Ling Han, Liangzhi Li. 2022. Changes in extent of open-surface water bodies in China’s Yellow River Basin (2000–2020) using Google Earth Engine cloud platform. Anthropocene. 39, 100346-100359.
9. Jagruth K., V. Manikandan M., and Kumar Ravi Kant. 2021. Water Body Identification from the Satellite Images using Color Component Analysis with orphological Operations. 12th ICCCNT 2021 July 6-8, 2021 - IIT - Kharagpur Kharagpur, India
10. Jikang Wan and Bin Yong. 2023. Automatic extraction of surface water based on lightweight convolutional neural network. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 256, 114843-114854.
11. Junjie Li, Yizhuo Meng , Yuanxi Li , Qian Cui , Xining Yang , Chongxin Tao , Zhe Wang , Linyi Li and Wen Zhang. 2022. Accurate water extraction using remote sensing imagery based on normalized difference water index and unsupervised deep learning. Journal of Hydrology. 612, 128202-128216
8. Hongye Cao, Ling Han, Liangzhi Li. 2022. Changes in extent of open-surface water bodies in China’s Yellow River Basin (2000–2020) using Google Earth Engine cloud platform. Anthropocene. 39, 100346-100359.
9. Jagruth K., V. Manikandan M., and Kumar Ravi Kant. 2021. Water Body Identification from the Satellite Images using Color Component Analysis with orphological Operations. 12th ICCCNT 2021 July 6-8, 2021 - IIT - Kharagpur Kharagpur, India
10. Jikang Wan and Bin Yong. 2023. Automatic extraction of surface water based on lightweight convolutional neural network. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 256, 114843-114854.
11. Junjie Li, Yizhuo Meng , Yuanxi Li , Qian Cui , Xining Yang , Chongxin Tao , Zhe Wang , Linyi Li and Wen Zhang. 2022. Accurate water extraction using remote sensing imagery based on normalized difference water index and unsupervised deep learning. Journal of Hydrology. 612, 128202-128216
12. Kalaivani Kathirvelu, Asnath Victy Phamila Yesudhas, Sakkaravarthi Ramanathan. 2023. Spectral unmixing based random forest classifier for detecting surface water changes in multitemporal pansharpened Landsat image. Expert Systems With Applications , 224, 120072-120086.
13. Kale Suhas, Gawali Bharti, Shafiyoddin Sayyad. 2021l. Extraction of Water Bodies in Godawari Basin from Satellite Images, 2021 IEEE International India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS), Ahmedabad, India, pp. 141-144,
13. Kale Suhas, Gawali Bharti, Shafiyoddin Sayyad. 2021l. Extraction of Water Bodies in Godawari Basin from Satellite Images, 2021 IEEE International India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS), Ahmedabad, India, pp. 141-144,
doi: 10.1109/InGARSS51564.2021.9792088.
14. Lifu Chen, Xingmin Cai, Jin Xing, Zhenhong Li, Wu Zhu, Zhihui Yuan, Zhenhuan Fang. 2023. Towards transparent deep learning for surface water detection from SAR imagery. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 118, 103287-103302.
15. Linrong Li, Hongjun Su, Qian Du, Taixia Wu. 2020. A novel surface water index using local background information for long term and large-scale Landsat images. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 172, 59–78.
16. Liumeng Chen, Yongchao Liu, Jialin Li, Peng Tian, Haitao Zhang. 2023. Surface water changes in China’s Yangtze River Delta over the past forty years. Sustainable Cities and Society, 91, 104458-104474.
17. Liu Qingwei, Tian Yugang, Zhang Lihao, and Chen Bo. 2022. Urban Surface Water Mapping from VHR Images Based on Superpixel Segmentation and Target Detection, in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 15, pp. 5339-5356, 2022,
14. Lifu Chen, Xingmin Cai, Jin Xing, Zhenhong Li, Wu Zhu, Zhihui Yuan, Zhenhuan Fang. 2023. Towards transparent deep learning for surface water detection from SAR imagery. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 118, 103287-103302.
15. Linrong Li, Hongjun Su, Qian Du, Taixia Wu. 2020. A novel surface water index using local background information for long term and large-scale Landsat images. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 172, 59–78.
16. Liumeng Chen, Yongchao Liu, Jialin Li, Peng Tian, Haitao Zhang. 2023. Surface water changes in China’s Yangtze River Delta over the past forty years. Sustainable Cities and Society, 91, 104458-104474.
17. Liu Qingwei, Tian Yugang, Zhang Lihao, and Chen Bo. 2022. Urban Surface Water Mapping from VHR Images Based on Superpixel Segmentation and Target Detection, in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 15, pp. 5339-5356, 2022,
doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3181720.
18. Luo Yuanjiang, Feng Ao, Li Hongxiang, Li Danyang, Xuan Wu, Liao Jie, Zhang Chengwu, Zheng Xingqiang, Pu Haibo. 2022. New deep learning method for efficient extraction of small water from remote sensing images. PLoS ONE, 17(8): e0272317.
18. Luo Yuanjiang, Feng Ao, Li Hongxiang, Li Danyang, Xuan Wu, Liao Jie, Zhang Chengwu, Zheng Xingqiang, Pu Haibo. 2022. New deep learning method for efficient extraction of small water from remote sensing images. PLoS ONE, 17(8): e0272317.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272317
19. Nguyen Thu-Hang. and Filipe Aires. 2023. A global topography- and hydrography-based floodability index for the downscaling, analysis, and data-fusion of surface water. Journal of Hydrology, 620, 129406-129421.
20. Parajuli Janak, Ruben Fernandez-Beltran, Jian Kang and Filiberto Pla. 2022. Attentional Dense Convolutional Neural Network for Water Body Extraction From Sentinel-2 Images, in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 15, pp. 6804-6816, 2022,
19. Nguyen Thu-Hang. and Filipe Aires. 2023. A global topography- and hydrography-based floodability index for the downscaling, analysis, and data-fusion of surface water. Journal of Hydrology, 620, 129406-129421.
20. Parajuli Janak, Ruben Fernandez-Beltran, Jian Kang and Filiberto Pla. 2022. Attentional Dense Convolutional Neural Network for Water Body Extraction From Sentinel-2 Images, in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 15, pp. 6804-6816, 2022,
doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3198497.
21. Sharma Deepa, Trapti Sharma and Jyoti Singhai. 2021. Extraction of Water Bodies from Visible Color Satellite Images Using PCA Feature Map, 2021 IEEE International India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS), Ahmedabad, India, 2021, pp. 1-4,
21. Sharma Deepa, Trapti Sharma and Jyoti Singhai. 2021. Extraction of Water Bodies from Visible Color Satellite Images Using PCA Feature Map, 2021 IEEE International India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS), Ahmedabad, India, 2021, pp. 1-4,
doi: 10.1109/InGARSS51564.2021.9791857.
22. Suhail Ahamed T., Nalini N. and Rimlon Shibi S. 2023. Edge Detection of Satellite Image for Water Body Identification using Marr -Hildreth Algorithm and comparing with Canny edge Detector Algorithm to Enhance Accuracy and Contrast, 2023 Eighth International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (ICONSTEM), Chennai, India, 2023, pp. 1-5,
22. Suhail Ahamed T., Nalini N. and Rimlon Shibi S. 2023. Edge Detection of Satellite Image for Water Body Identification using Marr -Hildreth Algorithm and comparing with Canny edge Detector Algorithm to Enhance Accuracy and Contrast, 2023 Eighth International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (ICONSTEM), Chennai, India, 2023, pp. 1-5,
doi: 10.1109/ICONSTEM56934.2023.10142577.
23. Sunandini Gosula, Sivanpillani Ramesh, Sowmya V. and Variyar Sajith V. V. 2023. Significance of Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) in Deeplabv3+ for Water Body Segmentation, 2023 10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), Noida, India, pp. 744-749, doi: 10.1109/SPIN57001.2023.10116882.
24. Wenxue Xing, Bin Guo, Yingwu Sheng, Xingchao Yang, Min Ji, Ying Xu. 2022. Tracing surface water change from 1990 to 2020 in China’s Shandong Province using Landsat series images. Ecological Indicators. Volume 140, 108993-109001,
23. Sunandini Gosula, Sivanpillani Ramesh, Sowmya V. and Variyar Sajith V. V. 2023. Significance of Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) in Deeplabv3+ for Water Body Segmentation, 2023 10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), Noida, India, pp. 744-749, doi: 10.1109/SPIN57001.2023.10116882.
24. Wenxue Xing, Bin Guo, Yingwu Sheng, Xingchao Yang, Min Ji, Ying Xu. 2022. Tracing surface water change from 1990 to 2020 in China’s Shandong Province using Landsat series images. Ecological Indicators. Volume 140, 108993-109001,
25. Xue Weibao, Hui Yang, Yanlan Wu, Peng Kong, Hao Xu, Penghai Wu, and Xiaoshuang Ma. 2021. Water Body Automated Extraction in Polarization SAR Images With Dense-Coordinate-Feature-Concatenate Network, in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 14, pp. 12073-12087, 2021,
doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3129182.
26. Xu Nan, Yue Ma, Wenhao Zhang, and Xiao Hua Wang. 2021. Surface-Water-Level Changes During 2003–2019 in Australia Revealed by ICESat/ICESat-2 Altimetry and Landsat Imagery, in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1129-1133, July 2021,
26. Xu Nan, Yue Ma, Wenhao Zhang, and Xiao Hua Wang. 2021. Surface-Water-Level Changes During 2003–2019 in Australia Revealed by ICESat/ICESat-2 Altimetry and Landsat Imagery, in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1129-1133, July 2021,
doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2020.2996769.
27. Yamina Benkesmia, Moulay Idriss Hassani, and Cherif Kessar. 2023. Variation of surface water extent in the great Sebkha of Oran (NW of Algeria), using Landsat data 1987–2019: Interaction of natural factors and anthropogenic impacts. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 30, 100953-100972.
28. Youzhi Li, Zhihua Mao , Zhenge Qiu, Kuifeng Luan, Bangyi Tao , Haiqing Huang, and Chunling Zhang. 2023. Algorithm for Detection of Water Surface Height in UAV-Borne Photon-Counting LiDAR. IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS, VOL. 20, 6500605-6500609.
29. Yuanhui Zhu, Soe W. Myint, Danica Schaffer-Smith, David J. Sauchyn, Xiaoyong Xu, Joseph M. Piwowar, and Yubin Li. 2022. Examining ground and surface water changes in response to environmental variables, land use dynamics, and socioeconomic changes in Canada. Journal of Environmental Management, 322, 115875-115884.
30. Zhang Zhixin, Da Liu, Zhe Liu, Yanjun Qiao, Changan Zheng, and Yong Gan. 2021. Deep learning based methods for water body extraction and flooding evolution analysis based on sentinel-1 images, 2021 7th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil Engineering & Smart Water Conservancy and Intelligent Disaster Reduction Forum (ICHCE & SWIDR), Nanjing, China, pp. 191-195,
27. Yamina Benkesmia, Moulay Idriss Hassani, and Cherif Kessar. 2023. Variation of surface water extent in the great Sebkha of Oran (NW of Algeria), using Landsat data 1987–2019: Interaction of natural factors and anthropogenic impacts. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 30, 100953-100972.
28. Youzhi Li, Zhihua Mao , Zhenge Qiu, Kuifeng Luan, Bangyi Tao , Haiqing Huang, and Chunling Zhang. 2023. Algorithm for Detection of Water Surface Height in UAV-Borne Photon-Counting LiDAR. IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS, VOL. 20, 6500605-6500609.
29. Yuanhui Zhu, Soe W. Myint, Danica Schaffer-Smith, David J. Sauchyn, Xiaoyong Xu, Joseph M. Piwowar, and Yubin Li. 2022. Examining ground and surface water changes in response to environmental variables, land use dynamics, and socioeconomic changes in Canada. Journal of Environmental Management, 322, 115875-115884.
30. Zhang Zhixin, Da Liu, Zhe Liu, Yanjun Qiao, Changan Zheng, and Yong Gan. 2021. Deep learning based methods for water body extraction and flooding evolution analysis based on sentinel-1 images, 2021 7th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil Engineering & Smart Water Conservancy and Intelligent Disaster Reduction Forum (ICHCE & SWIDR), Nanjing, China, pp. 191-195,
doi: 10.1109/ICHCESWIDR54323.2021.9656266.
31. Rishikeshan, C. A., and Ramesh, H. 2017. A novel mathematical morphology based algorithm for shoreline extraction from satellite images. Geo-Spatial Information Science, 20(4), 345–352.
31. Rishikeshan, C. A., and Ramesh, H. 2017. A novel mathematical morphology based algorithm for shoreline extraction from satellite images. Geo-Spatial Information Science, 20(4), 345–352.