Deceleration of an artificially magnetized spacecraft in the ionospheric plasma
Heading:
| 1Shuvalov, VA, 2Simanov, VG, 3Horolsky, PG, 1Kulagin, SN 1Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine 2Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Dnipro, Ukraine 3Oles Honchar National University of Dnipro, Dnipro, Ukraine |
| Space Sci. & Technol. 2020, 26 ;(2):59-71 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2020.02.059 |
| Publication Language: Russian |
Abstract: The physical modeling of the dynamic interaction of a “magnetized” body with a hypersonic rarefied plasma flow in the Earth’s ionosphere gives the dependences of the drag force on the ratio of magnetic pressure to the velocity head, on the angle between vectors of the plasma flow velocity (spacecraft flight) and induction of own magnetic field, as well as on the ratio of the characteristic size of a disturbed zone in the flow around the “magnetized” body to its linear size. The dependence of the electromagnetic force braking a spacecraft at an altitude of ~ 700 km on the induction of its magnetic field is determined. For the altitude range of 250...1000 km in the Earth’s ionosphere, it is shown that the electromagnetic force generated by the interaction of the spacecraft’s magnetic field (induction ≥ 0.8 T) with the surrounding plasma is comparable to an impulse injected by the plasma jet of the special spacecraft. Such vehicles are intended for forced “active” cleaning of near-Earth space from large space debris objects with a linear size of ≥0.5 m (fuel tanks, last stages of launch vehicles, cowls, used spacecraft, etc.).
The cleaning procedure involves braking of space debris objects with a plasma jet, shifting them to lower orbits, and then removing by combustion in dense layers of the Earth’s atmosphere. With the induction of spacecraft’s magnetic field of higher than 0.8 T, the electromagnetic force significantly, by more than three orders of magnitude, exceeds the deceleration force. The latter is due to the action of the neutral component of the partially ionized ionospheric plasma at altitudes ≥ 700 km. The use of electromagnetic force generated in the system “magnetized spacecraft — ionospheric plasma” can be an alternative to the technologies of “active” (plasma jets of special spacecraft) and “passive” (inflatable spacecraft constructions) cleaning of near-earth space from the space debris objects at altitudes of 250...1000 km.
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| Keywords: braking, electromagnetic force, ionospheric plasma, magnetic field, space debris, spacecraft |
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