Optimization of the distribution scheme and technical characteristics of the video cameras for solving special tasks of local monitoring of the atmos[here and near airspace based on the experience of meteor observations
Heading:
| 1Kozak, PM, 1Luk’yanyk, IV, 2Kozak, LV, 2Ivchenko, VM, 2Lapchuk, VP, 3Stariy, SV, 4Stelya, OB 1Astronomical Observatory of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine 2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Physical Faculty, Kyiv, Ukraine 3V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 4Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Computer Sciences and Cybernetics, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Space Sci. & Technol. 2024, 30 ;(6):94-111 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2024.06.094 |
| Publication Language: Ukrainian |
Abstract: The problem of the construction of local zones for monitoring the atmosphere and near airspace to search natural and artificial dynamic objects, calculate their coordinates and velocities, predict positions and possible identification is considered in this work. For necessary calculations, many years of experience in double-station TV and video meteor observations at altitudes of 80...130 km is used, as well as original methods for processing video streams with meteor images and corresponding developed software. Two components of the problem, conditionally called direct and inverse tasks, are described. The direct task envisages calculating the size of the common monitoring zone and minimal sizes of the dynamical objects for a couple of video cameras with preliminary selected technical characteristics like the light detector and lens installed in fixed positions and optical axes orientation. The direct task should involve estimating the computational precision for both coordinates and velocities of the objects. On the contrary, the inverse task envisages the recommendations for selecting video camera types, their dispositions, and the orientation of optical axes for hand-picked monitoring zones and searched object types, depending on the aim – only object detection or its possible identification. The given task should ensure optimization of the precision of calculating the coordinates and velocity of an object and predicting its position.
To address these issues, we derive the necessary formulae to ensure the required spatial resolution and to calculate the three-dimensional common monitoring zone. Additionally, we examine its changes with altitude. The computations are made for estimating the spatial resolution of video cameras and photographic lenses used for meteor observations. Appropriate conclusions are drawn for the detection and identification of dynamic objects in near airspace. The recommended method for monitoring fast, small-size objects is the use of modern Full HD digital network cameras equipped with changeable focus lenses. As an example of the creation of a double-station camera couple or small local monitoring networks, three variants of cameras’ dispositions are considered with an evaluation of the efficiency of each.
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| Keywords: atmosphere and airspace zone for local monitoring, double-station video observations, meteors, optimization of video observation, triangulation, video cameras |
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